Description:
Rose is scientifically known as Rosa damascene belongs to Rosaceae family. A rose is a perennial flowering plant, flowers vary in size and shape and usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellow and reds. It is native to Asian countries such as Syria, Bulgaria, Turkey, India, Pakistan, Iran and China), Europe, North America and Northwestern Africa.

Extraction:
Rose oil is extracted from fresh petals of Rosa damascena or various type of rose through steam distillation.

Composition:
Rose oil is mainly constitutes of citronellol, citral, carvone, citronellyl acetate, eugenol, ethanol, farnesol, stearpoten, methyl eugenol, neroli, nonanol, nonanal, phenyl acetaldehyde, phenylmenthyl acetate and phenyl geraniol

Properties:
Rose oil is transparent pale yellow mobile liquid; rose essential oil is called Rose Otto. Rose Otto is light yellow in color, thin in consistency and its aroma is strongly floral and sweet. Rose Otto can solidify at cool temperature. Rose oil is beautiful and intoxicating oil.

Blending:
Rose oil is nicely mixes with geranium, jasmine, clove and palmarosa essential oils.

Uses:

• Rose oil is used in preparation of high grade perfumery and cosmetics products.
• It is used in aromatherapy as it works as healing tonic and mood elevating supplement by soothing nerves and calms nervous system.
• It acts as a tonic for the female reproductive system and stimulate libido and increase feeling of sexual desire.
• It is used in treatments for skincare to help prevent and fight bacteria associated with conditions such as a acne ad treat pimples and blemishes by reducing length and severity of flare-ups.
• It acts as anti-anxiety, it helps men with sexual dysfunction, balance sex hormones and increases sex drive.
• It has anti inflammatory, reduce
• It provide cooling and soothing property as it is effective against dry, hot, inflamed or itchy skin and many other inflammatory issues like conjunctivitis.
• It provides relieve from spasms as it prevents convulsions, muscle pulls, menstrual cramps and spasmodic cholera. .
• It has anti inflammatory property, as it reduces rheumatism, arthritis, gout and fever.
• It provide strength to gums and hair roots while toning and lifting skin and contracting muscles, intestines and blood vessels
• It is effective against typhoid, diarrhea, cholera, food poisoning and other bacterial diseases and infections on skin, ears, eyes and wounds.
• It encourages health of liver and treats issues like excess flow of bile, acids and ulcers

Safety and Precautions:

 

• Avoid use in excessive concentration due to its strong aroma it can increase headache.
• Do not use rose oil during pregnancy as it could cause a miscarriage if taken in excess.

Description-
Rosemary is a herb used for aromatherapy as well as for culinary purpose, is known as Rosmarinus officinalis belongs to Lamaeceae family. Rosemary is evergreen plant which has grayish green, needle shaped leaves with slightly blue colour small flower. Rosemary plant is native to Mediterranean region, Asia and also cultivated in France, Tunisia and Yugoslavia.

Extraction-
Rosemary oil is obtained from the flowering tips of Rosmarinus officinalis herb through steam distillation method.

Composition-
Its constituents are α-pinene, β-pinene, borneol, camphor, bornyl acetate, camphene, 1-8 cineole, and limonene.

Properties-
Rosemary oil is clear in colour, refreshing herbal smell, evergreen like scent and watery viscosity. It is volatile in nature.

Blending-
Rosemary essential oil is particularly well blends with Frankincense, lavender, clary sage, cedar wood, basil, thyme, citronella, lemongrass, elemi, geranium, chamomile, peppermint and cardamom.

Uses-

• Rosemary oil is used for culinary purpose to cook dishes because of its good aroma that tastes goods on potatoes and roasted lamb.
• It is used for hair care as it stimulates follicles; making hair grow longer & stronger, reduce premature hair loss.
• It is used to help in removing bad breath and prevent gingivitis, cavities, plaque builds up.
• It is used in aromatherapy as it relieve stress, headache, muscle pain because it decreases level of the cortisol in saliva.
• It is used in room fresheners, cosmetics, beauty aids food, bath oil, candles and perfume as it has refreshing herbal smell.
• It is used to eliminate eczema, dermatitis, oily skin and acne.
• It boosts mental activity, increases concentrations.
• It supports healing of neurological tissues and brain function.
• It is used as detoxifier and also enhances bile flow.
• It also reduces cancer risk as it contains antioxidant- carnosol which also function as anti carcinogen.
• It increases nerve growth factor and healing nervous tissue.
• It also used to lowers Dihydroxyestosterone (DHT).
• It is used in creams and lotions as it improves blood circulation and decongesting in skin.
• It is also used in burners and vaporizer therapy as it helps in congestion, overwork and sinusitis, mental & physical tiredness.

 

Safety and Precaution-
Rosemary oil should be avoided by pregnant or breast feeding or nursing women, excessive use of oil may lead to miscarriage or disability in fetus.
Do not ingest as it can cause vomiting or spasm.

Spikenard is scientifically known as Nardostachy jatamansi an aromatic plant, belongs to Valerian family. Spikenard is a flowering plant and has pungent rhizome root which grows in the Himalayas, India, China and Nepal. Spikenard essential oil has many medicinal benefits and used in aromatherapy as well.

Extraction:
Spikenard oil is extracted from dried or crushed roots through steam distillation method.

Properties:
Spikenard essential oil has musty aroma and it is golden yellow in colour.

Composition:
The main components of Spikenard essential oil are bornyl acetate, valeranone, jonon, tatramenthyloxantricylodecanol, menthylthymyl ether and 1, 8 cineol.

Blending:
Spikenard essential oil is well mixes with other essential oil such as frankincense, lavender, myrrh, orange, petit grain, rose, juniper, patchouli, palmarosa, cypress, lemon, pine, citrus, clove, lavender, neroli, geranium and sage.

Uses:

• Spikenard oil is used in aromatherapy as it improves environment and stimulate circulatory system & also provide relief from tension, ease stress, migraine, nervous indigestion and insomnia.
• Spikenard oil has rejuvenating qualities as it is effective against skin issues such as acne, allergies, skin inflammation and rashes.
• It is used to treat mind and nerve complaints includes epilepsy, hysteria and mental fatigue.
• It has anti-inflammatory ability so it alleviates inflammation in any part of body such as in respiratory system, digestive and nervous system.
• It is effective against bacterial infections in the kidneys, bladder and urethra.
• It helpful in protecting skin from fungal infections such as dermatitis, psoriasis, patches on the skin, or painful itching.
• It is used as deodorant as it has pleasant aroma which provide relaxing.
• It helps in alleviating felling of stress, depression, anger, anxiety and panic as it has sedative quality.
• It helps to stimulate ovaries and uterus into secreting the hormones progesterone and estrogen and also maintain the health and efficacy of reproductive organs.
• It is used in the fragrance industry as it eliminates body odor.
• It helps in digestion as it calms stomach and hunger pain.
• It provides relief from cough, asthma and also other respiratory issues.
• It helps in maintaining menstruation.

Safety and Precautions:

• Keep away from children.
• It may cause irritation or allergic reactions in people with sensitive skin.

 

Avoid use while pregnant or lactating mothe

Description:
Sweet orange oil is obtained from orange plant, scientifically known as Citrus sinensis. Citrus plant belongs to Rutaceae family. Citrus plant is small grayish brown bark tree which bears circular fruits that is rougher and darker in comparison to other varieties of citrus. This citrus plant is native to China and commonly cultivated Meditterrean region, France, North and South America and Portugal.

Extraction:
Sweet orange oil is extracted from outer peel of orange fruits of Citrus sinensis through cold pressed method.

Composition:
Orange is composed of alpha pinene, citronellal, geranial, sabinene, myrcene, limonene, linalool and neral.

Properties:
Sweet orange oil has strong. Sweet, citrusy, intense and concentrated odor. It is deep yellow to orange in colour and has thin consistency.

Blending:
Sweet orange oil well blends with cinnamon, cloves, frankincense, ginger, lemon, grape fruit, neroli, patchouli, black pepper, sandalwood, ylang ylang, jasmine, bergamot, lime oil, lavender and vetiver.

 Uses:

• It is added to cosmetics products like lotion, shampoo, acne treatment, soap, anti aging, wrinkle lifting, deodorants and creams.
• It is added to enhance flavor in drinks such as fruit juices or sodas, desserts, sweetmeats, biscuits, chocolates, confectionary and bakery items.
• It is used in furniture sprays, room freshener and bathroom or kitchen freshener because it contain cleansing agent i.e. D-limonene.
• It is used in aromatherapy as it soothes tensed muscles, nerves spasms and depression.
• It is effective against oxidative stress; prevent cancer as it has cancer fighting abilities.
• It is natural remedy for high blood pressure and improves blood flow and prevents hypertension.
• It has anti inflammatory quality; it fights against pain, infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
• It reduces wrinkles and acne, improves complexion; it is effective at fighting bacteria and inflammation.
• It is used for treatment of bone and joint pain.
• It promotes better digestion, helps in removal of gases, eases cramps and improves detoxification.
• It is used as mood booster as it uplift mood and brings relaxation.
• It protects skin from sunburn as it contains Vitamin C which slows the rate of skin damage from UV light exposure, pollution and toxicity.
• It has ability to fight microbial growth; it reduces cold sores and mouth ulcers.
• It cures issues like frigidity, erectile problems, decreased libido and loss of interest in sex.
• It encourages overall health, it is effective as a tonic which tones up all organs throughout the body, promotes metabolic system and boosts immunity.

 

Safety and Precaution:
It shows photo-toxicity, tastes bitter and can cause vomiting, nausea and loss of appetite.
First consult to professional aromatherapy practioner before using it during pregnancy, epileptic or have other medical problems.

Description-
Tea tree is scientifically known as Melaleuca alternifolia, belongs to Myrataceae or myrtle family. Tea tree plant is indigenous to Southeast and Northeast Coast of New South Wales, Australia, also cultivated in New Zealand. It is an attractive thin leafed plant with soft; fine branch lets and it can grow fast and harvested as early as 6 months.

Extraction-
Tea tree oil is a volatile essential oil is derived mainly from Melaleuca alternifolia tree leaves, twigs and terminal branches through steam distillation method, although there are various extract methods such as distillation, Carbon dioxide supercritical extraction and solvent extraction.

Composition-
It is composed of 100 compounds, its main composition are Terpene hydrocarbon, monoterpenes & other alcohols.

Properties-
Tea tree oil is an essential oil having fresh and spicy camphoraceous odor and light yellow to early colorless and clear in appearance. Its aroma is warm.

Blending-
Tea tree oil is nicely blends with basil, bergamot, black pepper, chamomile, german, clary sage, cypress, eucalyptus, geranium, juniper, lavender, marjoram, lemon, thyme, ylang ylang, oregano, peppermint, pine, ravensara, rosemary, and oakmosss.

Uses-

• It is an active ingredient in variety of household and cosmetic products. Recommended Usage-
• Face Wash
• Shampoos
• Skin and nail creams
• Massage oils
• Laundry
• Detergents
• Tea tree oil is used in aromatherapy as it helps in alleviating chest and head congestion, stuffy nose and other symptoms of cold and coughs.
• It is used to heal acne and also relieve in skin inflammation as it reduce psoriasis and also used against eczema.
• It is antibacterial so used for treatment of chickenpox, cold sores, congestion and respiratory tract infection.
• It is used against fungal infection such as Candida, jock itch, athlete’s foot and toenail fungus as it is antifungal.
• It is used to eliminate body odor and reduce sweatiness, fight odor.
• It is used to softens dry cuticles and eliminate toenail fungus.

Safety and Precaution-

 

• Avoid undiluted tree oil, it may cause irritation. It may cause allergic reaction such as rashes usually mild & itchy which may lead to blistering.
• It may cause dizziness and swelling in throat.
• It may be toxic for pet as it may cause hypersensitivity reaction.

Description:
Ylang ylang is scientifically known as Cananga odorata, it is native to Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia as ylang ylang are usually found in rainforest of Asian and South Pacific Islands. Ylang ylang is a tropical tree, belongs to Annonceae. It grows well in full or partial sun and acidic soils up to 12m in temperate , having smooth and oval leaves and 13-20cm long and its flowers is drooping, long stalked with green yellowish petals and sea star in shape.

Extraction:
Ylang ylang oil is acquired from fresh flowers of ylang ylang tree through steam distillation method.

Composition:
The main components of ylang ylang tree are benzyl acetate, benzyl benzoate linalool, caryophyllene, geranyl acetate, p-cresyl methyl ether, pinene, eugenol, farnesol and farnasene.

Properties:
Ylang ylang have sweet, clear and yellow in colour, its aroma is strong, fresh and slightly fruity.

Blending:
Ylang ylang oil is nicely blends with bergamot, grapefruits, lavender and sandalwood.

Uses:

• Ylang ylang oil is the key ingredient in legendary perfume.
• It provides relax to body and soul.
• It is effective against insomnia, fatigue and frigidity.
• It regulates production of sebum which protects hair and skin from drying.
• It has many skin care uses are as they maintain skin moisture, treats eczema, clears and heals acne.
• It promotes hair growth and acing as natural conditioning agent.
• As it has anti bacterial property, it is effective against skin irritation and redness.
• It helps in nervous breakdowns, acute depression, anxiety, sadness and chronic stress.
• It heals wounds and infections due to its anti septic property.
• It promotes healthy blood pressure levels.
• It is used for treatment of stomach infections, intestine, colon and urinary tract infections.
• It reduces tension and provides calmness and relaxing effects.
• It lowers down the nerve damage due to diabetes complications

Safety and Precaution:

 

• Avoid ylang ylang oil contact with eyes.
• Do not use ylang ylang oil while pregnant or nursing women.
• Keep away from reach of children under the age of six years.
• Do not take in excessive amounts as it can cause sensitivity, nausea and headache.

Description-

Eucalyptus is an evergreen tree which grows faster, native to Australlia and cultivated worldwide such as in India, Europe & South Africa. Eucalyptus oil is obtained from Eucalyptus globulus belongs to Myrtaceae family. Eucalyptus globulus oil has high content cineole up to 60-70%.

Extraction-

Eucalyptus oil is extracted from fresh or partially dried leaves and young twigs through steam distillation.

Composition-

Its composition are cineole, α-pinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, 1, 8-cineole, limonene, terpinen-4-ol, aromadendrene, epiglobulol, piperitone and globulol.

Properties-

Eucalyptus oil is colorless to pale yellow liquid in appearance; its odor is aromatic and camphoraceous, a strong woody and sweet odor taste is followed by a cold sensation.

Blending-

Eucalyptus oil is particularly well blends with benzoin, thyme, lavender, lemongrass oil, lemon, pine, frankincense, rosemary, marjoram and cedar wood oil.

Uses–

•     Diluted form of eucalyptus used for respiratory issues as it relieves from pain and inflammation of respiratory tract, mucous membrane, coughs, asthma, bronchitis, sinus pain and other respiratory infections as well.
•     It is used for flavoring various products including baked goods, confectionary, meat products and beverages.
•     It is used as an insect repellant and biopesticide.
•     It is also used in aromatherapy.
•     It is used for healing fever and reducing body temperature.
•     It also helps in control blood sugar.
•     It is used as fragrance as it provides nice, fresh fragrance in perfume and cosmetics with adding antimicrobial properties in soap, laundry and detergent.
•     It is used as odor remover, air cleanser and spot remover on carpet, clothes and basically fabric.
•     It is used for hair nourishment as it gives hair a nice moisturizing and to ward off dandruff and an itchy scalp.
•     It is used as cleaner to remove grease and grime and rejuvenate sore hands and feet.
•     It is used for treating cold and flu as it removes toxins and harmful microorganisms which make body feel sick.
•     It is used as ingredient in mouthwashes, liniments, ointments, toothpaste, cough drops and lozenges.
•     It boosts immune system response.
•     It is analgesic in nature, provide relief from pain.
•     It stimulating mental activity and also increases blood flow to the brain.

Safety and Precautions-

    Avoid excessive use of eucalyptus oil as it can lead to skin sensitization.

    Do not take orally eucalyptus oil without doctor supervision.

    Do not give children under age 6 and not even in cough drops with eucalyptus oil.

    Pregnant and breast feeding should not take eucalyptus oil.

Eucalyptus Oil :-

Botanical Source – Eucalyptus globules

Appearance – Colourless or pale yellow liquid

Odor – Reminiscent of 1, 8-cineol

Identification

    TLC  Meets the requirement

    GC  Meets the requirement

Specific Gravity – 0.904 – 0.927

Specific Rotation – 0° to +10°

Refractive Index at 20°C  1.458 to 1.470

Solubility – Soluble in 5 volume of ethanol (70%)

Eucalyptol – Min. 60%

Storage – Store in well closed containers, in cool and dry storage Area.

 

 

 

Specification of Eucalyptus Oil:

 

Testing Protocol – BP

Appearance – Colourless or pale yellow liquid

Odour – Reminiscent of 1, 8 cineol

 

Identification

 

    TLC – Meets the requirement

    GC –  Meets the requirement

 

Relative Density  – 0.906 – 0.927

Specific Rotation – 0° to +10°

Refractive Index at 20°C – 1.458 to 1.470

Solubility in Alcohol – Soluble in 5 volume of ethanol (70%)

Aldehyde – Meets the requirement

 

Chromatographic Profile:

 

α-pinene – 0.05% to 10%

β-pinene –  0.05% to 1.5%

Sabinene  – Maximum 0.3%

α-phellandrene – 0.05% to 1.5%

Limonene – 0.05% to 15%

1,8 Cineole – Min. 70%

Camphor –  Max. 0.1%

Storage –  Store in well closed containers, in cool and dry storage area

 

Description-

Ginger is a warm, spicy herb belongs to Zingiberaceae family, scientifically known as Zingiber officinale; this plant grows up to 3-4 feet in height with narrow stems, green leaves and yellow flowers. Ginger is originated in India and South China and also cultivation in Asia, West Africa and the Caribbean. Ginger oil is warming and energizing so it has many application in medical and ayuveda.

Extraction-

Ginger oil is extracted from the roots of herb Zingiber officinale through steam distillation method.

Composition-

Ginger oil is composed of various components are as follows- geranial,1-8 cineole, Zingiberene, B- bisabolene, B-sesquiphellandrene, α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, linalool, bornneol, γ-terpineol, nerol, geraniol and geranyl acetate.

Properties-

Ginger oil has thin consistency. Light yellow in colour and has slightly pungent due to its acrid compound gingerol and spicy in aroma, medium to watery in viscosity.

Blending-

Ginger oil is well blends with many essential oil such as cedar wood, lemon, lime, eucalyptus, frankincense, geranium, rosemary, sandalwood, patchouli, myrtle, rosewood, neroli, orange and ylang ylang.

Uses-

    Ginger oil contains Zingibain which is anti inflammatory in nature so it helps in treatment of muscle aches, arthritis, and migraine.

•     It is used for treatment for various stomach issues such as colic, indigestion, diarrhea, spasm and stomach aches.
•     It is used in aromatherapy as it brings feeling of courageous and self assurance and provides relief from depression, mental stress, dizziness, restlessness, exhaustion and anxiety.
•     It is analgesic in nature as it provides relieve from pain due to its Zingibain component, it reduce prostaglandin, it helps in treatment of muscle aches, headache, arthritis, rheumatism and migraine.
•     It has carminative effect; it is used to treat food poisoning, motion sickness and vomiting.
•     It is anti bacterial in nature so it helps in intestinal infections and bacterial dysentery.
•     It is also effective against yellow fever and malaria.
•     It is used to provide relief from menstrual illness such as irregular, menstrual cramps and painful menstrual discharges.
•     It is also helpful in respiratory issues such as coughs, flu, asthma, breathlessness and bronchitis as it helps in removing mucus from throat & lungs.
•     It is a heart ailment as it strengthen heart health, it reduces cholesterol level and prevent blood clotting lead to reduce risk of heart attack and stroke.
•     It is aphrodisiac in nature as it eliminates impotency and it halts premature ejaculation.
•     It is used to treat kidney stone issue as it dissolves stones in kidney.
•     It is used for hair care as it helps in controlling dandruff.
•     It is used to treat cancer as it
•     It is used to add in meals such as meat as a preservative and flavoring agent.

Safety and Precautions-

    Excessive use of ginger oil can cause skin sensitization.

    Its high concentration also leads to photosensitivity.

    As ginger oil is strong so it should be used carefully and sparingly.

Specification of Ginger Oil:

Appearance – Free flowing liquid

Colour – Pale yellow

Odour – Odour is fresh and woody, characteristic odour of fresh ginger, warm, Spicy the sweet and heavy under note is Tenacious, Sweet & rich almost Balsamic floral.

Physio Chemical Properties:-

STANDARD

Specific Gravity (at 20° C) – 0.870 – 0.882

Refractive Index (At 20°C) – 1.488 – 1.495

Optical Rotation (At 20°C) –  -47° – -28°

Zingiberenes (By GC) – (UP to 70%)

Solubility – Soluble in Alcohol and oils, practically insoluble in water.

Storage – Store in well closed containers, in cool and dark storage area.

 

Description:
Neem oil is derived from Azadirachta indica, which belongs to Meliaceae family. Neem tree is native to India and its sub continent such as Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. It grows well in tropical and semi tropical regions. It is fast growing tree and it can grow up to 15-20 mts and its branches wide spread. Neem oil has many skin and health care benefits.

 

Extraction:
Neem oil is acquired from seeds kernels through cold pressed or by solvent extraction of the neem.

 

Properties:
Neem oil is golden yellow, yellowish brown, reddish brown and dark brown or greenish brown in colours depending on harvest time and also on its growing condition. It has strong bitter aroma and have combination of peanut and garlic.

 

Composition:
Neem oil is composed of triglycerides, triterpenoid (Azadirachitin) and contains steroids such as campestral, beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol.

 

Blending:
Neem oil is well blends with sweet almond oil, grape seed oil or jojoba oil.

 

Uses:

• Neem oil has healing property because it contains Vit. C, Beta carotene and is rich in fatty acids and glycerides.

• It is used for the treatment of malaria, tetanus infections, tuberculosis, jaundice, ringworm, lice, fungal and bacterial infections of the skin, hives and scabies.
• It is effective against skin disorders such as eczema, psoriasis, septic sores, rashes, burn and acne.
• It has antiviral and antibacterial properties.
• It provides relief from redness include facial redness, bumps and pimples.
• Neem oil is used as an organic pesticide because of its limonoids contents which helps to kill varroa population.
• Neem oil is used in hair care as it prevent dandruff and other hair problems, protects scalp skin from damage by free radicals and nourishes and conditions the scalp and hair , provide smooth and luxurious shine to hair
• Neem oil promotes thicker, stronger and more luxurious hair growth and provides conditioning to dry and nourishment to hair.
• Neem oil is a natural insecticide as it prevents unwanted pests from destroying plants and reduce pest by repelling them and inhibiting their larval growth, fertility, mating and egg lying.
• Neem oil rejuvenates skin cells, it smoothes wrinkles, stimulates collagen, alleviate dry skin and reduces eczema and acne and restore elasticity.
• It has insect repellant property so that used as mosquito repellant and prevent malaria.
• It provides relief from head lice and nits as neem oil contain azadirachitin, an insecticidal ingredient which prevent growth of lice.
• It is effective against human fungi such as microsporum, Candida, geotrichum etc.

 

Safety and Precaution:

• Avoid use while pregnant or trying to conceive as it can impair fertility or promote miscarriage.
• Keep away from reach of children as it can cause liver problems.